library(rio)
library(ggplot2)
library(dplyr)
##
## Attaching package: 'dplyr'
## The following objects are masked from 'package:stats':
##
## filter, lag
## The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
##
## intersect, setdiff, setequal, union
library(rjson)
library(pander)
input1 <- rjson::fromJSON(file = "data1.json")
input2 <- rjson::fromJSON(file = "data2.json")
output1 <- import("output1.csv")
output2 <- import("output2.csv")
myScale <- c("gray", "black")
beliefs1 <- lapply(input1, function(x) {
x$inferences %>% unlist() %>% unname() %>% unique() -> b
data.frame(respondent = x$name, beliefs = b)
}) %>% bind_rows() %>%
mutate(beliefsRC = recode(beliefs, "support-from-the-people-for-peaceful-activity-against-home-state" = "public-support-for-nonviolent-dissent",
"insufficiency-of-activity-inside-state-structure" = "insufficiency-of-peaceful-activity-against-home-state",
"self-conviction" = "self-efficacy",
"peaceful-activity" = "private-peaceful-activity",
"acceptance-of-negative-consequences-of-violence" = "acceptance-of-consequences-of-violence",
"absence-of-acceptance-of-negative-consequences-of-violence" = "absence-of-acceptance-of-consequences-of-violence"
))
beliefs1$beliefsRC <- gsub("[[:punct:]]", " ", beliefs1$beliefsRC)
beliefs1 %>%
group_by(beliefsRC) %>%
summarise(nobs = length(beliefsRC)) %>%
filter(beliefsRC != "nv" & beliefsRC != "v") %>%
filter(nobs > 5) %>%
ggplot(aes(x = reorder(beliefsRC, nobs), y = nobs)) +
geom_bar(stat = "identity", position = "dodge") +
coord_flip() +
labs(x = "", y = "",
title = "Unique beliefs in dataset 1 (>5)") +
theme_minimal()
table(beliefs1$beliefsRC) %>% sort(decreasing = TRUE) %>% pander()
aggression by home state | peaceful activity against home state |
---|---|
25 | 24 |
domination by home state | transformatory goal |
---|---|
22 | 22 |
support for violence in direct environment | negative consequences of violence |
---|---|
18 | 17 |
continuation of aggression by home state | duty for action against home state | nv |
---|---|---|
14 | 14 | 14 |
private peaceful activity | absence of peaceful means |
---|---|
14 | 13 |
existence of violence against home state | v | imperialism | political goal |
---|---|---|---|
13 | 13 | 12 | 12 |
impossibility of reaching goals by violence | private goal | continuation of peaceful activity against home state |
---|---|---|
11 | 10 | 9 |
existence of peaceful activity against home state | possibility of reaching goals by peaceful means |
---|---|
9 | 9 |
strength of resistance against home state | absence of success of peaceful activity against home state |
---|---|
9 | 8 |
absence of success of violence | education during childhood |
---|---|
8 | 8 |
possibility for violence | possibility of reaching goals by violence | self efficacy |
---|---|---|
8 | 8 | 8 |
strained living conditions | strength of home state | absence of acceptance of consequences of violence |
---|---|---|
8 | 8 | 7 |
acceptance of consequences of violence | domination by previous state |
---|---|
7 | 7 |
ignorance of fellow citizens | insufficiency of activity inside state structures | obedience to god |
---|---|---|
7 | 7 | 7 |
public support for nonviolent dissent | absence of approval for violence by the people | interest in politics |
---|---|---|
7 | 6 | 6 |
necessity for violence | success of peaceful activity |
---|---|
6 | 6 |
absence of domination by home state | absence of strength of home state |
---|---|
5 | 5 |
aggression by foreign state | experience of violence |
---|---|
5 | 5 |
impossibility of accepting home state | strength of international resistance against state system |
---|---|
5 | 5 |
absence of success of peaceful activity | absolute priority of transformatory goal |
---|---|
4 | 4 |
acceptance of state structures | existence of international resistance against state system |
---|---|
4 | 4 |
negative experience in state system | unreligious state | weakness of home state |
---|---|---|
4 | 4 | 4 |
absence of state structures | education of the people |
---|---|
3 | 3 |
indispensability of state structures | negative consequences of absence of state structures |
---|---|
3 | 3 |
negative consequences of victory of the resistance in foreign state | priority of goal opposing violence |
---|---|
3 | 3 |
superiority of state structures | absence of acceptance of home state |
---|---|
3 | 2 |
absence of aggression by home state | absence of necessity for violence | acceptance of state representatives |
---|---|---|
2 | 2 | 2 |
change of home state | disunity of muslims | existence of absolute priority of transformatory goal |
---|---|---|
2 | 2 | 2 |
illegal activity | negative consequences of absence of action against home state | peaceful activity against foreign state |
---|---|---|
2 | 2 | 2 |
peaceful activity supporting home state | possibility for nonviolence |
---|---|
2 | 2 |
support from the people for violence | weakness of resistance against home state |
---|---|
2 | 2 |
absence of absolute priority of political goal | absence of acceptance of aggression by home state |
---|---|
1 | 1 |
absence of action against home state | absence of domination by foreign state |
---|---|
1 | 1 |
absence of education during childhood | absence of interest in politics |
---|---|
1 | 1 |
absence of support for violence in direct environment | absolute priority of private goal |
---|---|
1 | 1 |
acceptance of state aggression | aggression by previous state | alternative |
---|---|---|
1 | 1 | 1 |
avoidance of negative consequences of violence | dislike of violence | distance from social structures |
---|---|---|
1 | 1 | 1 |
efficient structure of violent group | enjoyment of violence |
---|---|
1 | 1 |
existence of violence against foreign state | goal opposing violence | gods might |
---|---|---|
1 | 1 | 1 |
importance of the people | joining the army | personal problems |
---|---|---|
1 | 1 | 1 |
refusal to join army | religious state | strength of foreign state |
---|---|---|
1 | 1 | 1 |
success of peaceful activity against home state | support by home state |
---|---|
1 | 1 |
support from foreign state for peaceful activity against home state | victory of resistance against state system |
---|---|
1 | 1 |
weakness of foreign state | weakness of human beings |
---|---|
1 | 1 |
weakness of international resistance against state system | weakness of will |
---|---|
1 | 1 |
table(table(beliefs1$beliefsRC) <= 5) %>% pander()
FALSE | TRUE |
---|---|
40 | 67 |
beliefs2 <- lapply(input2, function(x) {
x$inferences %>% unlist() %>% unname() %>% unique() -> b
data.frame(respondent = x$name, beliefs = b[!b %in% c("v", "nv")])
}) %>% bind_rows() %>% mutate(
beliefsRC = na_if(recode(beliefs,
"2011" = "revolution abroad",
"crimeG" = "state crime",
"poorLC" = "poverty",
"satisf" = "satisfaction",
"effHS" = "state effort",
"approvHS" = "state approval",
"needchange" = "need for political change",
"job" = "employment",
"changeHS" = "change of government",
"vioG" = "state violence",
"intE" = "international influence",
"vioAB" = "violence abroad",
"approvPRO" = "protest approval",
"NOhope" = "hopelessness",
"improvLC" = "improved living conditions",
"supportPRO" = "protest support",
"NOapprovHS" = "state disapproval",
"interactPRO" = "interaction protestors",
"goodpersHS" = "positive character head of state",
"strengthHS" = "state strength",
"NOresultPRO" = "lack of prior protest result",
"priorprotest" = "prior protest",
"goodLC" = "good living conditions",
"crimePG" = "previous state crime",
"NOapprovPRO" = "protest disapproval",
"prideNAT" = "pride",
"NOunityPP" = "lack of unity among the people",
"vioPG" = "previous state violence",
"protectA" = "protection by army",
"prioS" = "personal priority",
"NOneedPART" = "no need for dissent",
"badpersPP" = "negative personality of the people",
"P-M-2010" = "Other",
"NP-E-2011" = "Other",
"P-E-2011" = "Other",
"NP-E-2014" = "Other",
"P-M-2011" = "Other",
"P-E-2013" = "Other",
"NP-M-2014" = "Other"),
"Other"
))
# number of unique beliefs length(unique(groupedData$V2_new))
beliefs2 %>%
group_by(beliefsRC) %>%
summarise(nobs = length(beliefsRC)) %>%
filter(beliefsRC != "nv" & beliefsRC != "v") %>%
filter(nobs > 8) %>%
ggplot(aes(x = reorder(beliefsRC, nobs), y = nobs)) +
geom_bar(stat = "identity", position = "dodge") +
coord_flip() +
labs(x = "", y = "",
title = "Unique beliefs in dataset 2 (>8)") +
theme_minimal()
table(beliefs2$beliefsRC) %>% sort(decreasing = TRUE) %>% pander()
state crime | poverty | protest | revolution abroad | safety | family |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
50 | 49 | 45 | 28 | 28 | 27 |
satisfaction | state effort | hope | state approval | employment |
---|---|---|---|---|
27 | 24 | 23 | 23 | 20 |
need for political change | change of government | history | state violence |
---|---|---|---|
20 | 18 | 17 | 17 |
prior protest | protest approval | fear | hopelessness |
---|---|---|---|
15 | 14 | 13 | 13 |
improved living conditions | international influence | interaction protestors |
---|---|---|
13 | 13 | 12 |
positive character head of state | protest support | state disapproval |
---|---|---|
12 | 12 | 12 |
lack of prior protest result | media | previous state crime | state strength |
---|---|---|---|
11 | 11 | 11 | 11 |
violence abroad | courage | good living conditions | protest disapproval |
---|---|---|---|
11 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
lack of unity among the people | pride | solidarity | previous state violence |
---|---|---|---|
9 | 9 | 9 | 8 |
religion | improvPOL | negative personality of the people | no need for dissent |
---|---|---|---|
8 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
personal priority | protection by army | NOskillsPRO | unityPP | dirE |
---|---|---|---|---|
7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 5 |
ignorance | NOalt | NOapprovPHS | NOsafety | selfsacrifice | strengthG |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
approvPHS | goodpersPP | jobavail | needstrength | NOinterestPOL | P-M-2014 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
prioSAF | strengthE | strengthPRO | ageHS | badpersHS | conspir | deterioPOL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
effS | election | humanN | modesty | moraloutrage | needunityPP | NOapprovSON |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
NOfreePRESS | NOsatisf | passpowerSON | persS | resistA | uncertainty |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
friends | NOkingdomE | NOstrengthPRO | strengthPP | successPRO | supA |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
surprise | badperSON | badpersPHS | crimeA | crimePP | curiosity | diversity |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
effPP | experFRI | freedom | freePRESS | godsmight | goodpersS | interestPOL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
isoPHS | needchangePP | needcourage | needsolidarity | NOapprovPPHS | NOeffHS |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
NOeffPP | NOimpIND | NOimprov | NOjob | NOpersPHS | NOpriorprotest | NOprioS |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
NOreligion | NOresponscrimHS | NOskillPHS | NOskillsPG | NOskillsPP |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
NOsuccessPRIV | NOsupportPRO | NOsystem | NP-E-2013 | obediencePP | P-E-2010 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
P-E-2014 | P-M-2012 | possibilityPRO | protectPRO | religextreme | skillsHS |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
skillsPRO | strengthA | strengthPHS | supportS | vioPRO | vioSON |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
table(table(beliefs2$beliefsRC) <= 8) %>% pander()
FALSE | TRUE |
---|---|
36 | 98 |
ggplot(output1 %>%
mutate(g = recode(`continuation-of-aggression-by-home-state`,
`0` = "activated belief",
`1` = "removed belief")),
aes(x = a, fill = g, col = g)) +
geom_bar(position = position_dodge2(preserve = "single")) +
theme(panel.background = element_rect(fill = 'white', colour = 'black'),
legend.position = "bottom") +
labs(fill = "", col = "", x = "decision counts", y = "number of runs") +
scale_fill_manual(values = myScale) +
scale_color_manual(values = myScale)
ggplot(output1 %>%
mutate(g = recode(`aggression-by-home-state`,
`0` = "activated belief",
`1` = "removed belief")),
aes(x = a, fill = g, col = g)) +
geom_bar(position = position_dodge2(preserve = "single")) +
theme(panel.background = element_rect(fill = 'white', colour = 'black'),
legend.position = "bottom") +
labs(fill = "", col = "", x = "decision counts", y = "number of runs") +
scale_fill_manual(values = myScale) +
scale_color_manual(values = myScale)
ggplot(output1 %>%
mutate(g = recode(`domination-by-home-state`,
`0` = "activated belief",
`1` = "removed belief")),
aes(x = a, fill = g, col = g)) +
geom_bar(position = position_dodge2(preserve = "single")) +
theme(panel.background = element_rect(fill = 'white', colour = 'black'),
legend.position = "bottom") +
labs(fill = "", col = "", x = "decision counts", y = "number of runs") +
scale_fill_manual(values = myScale) +
scale_color_manual(values = myScale)
ggplot(output1 %>%
mutate(g = recode(`continuation-of-aggression-by-home-state`,
`0` = "activated belief",
`1` = "removed belief")),
aes(x = na, fill = g, col = g)) +
geom_bar(position = position_dodge2(preserve = "single")) +
theme(panel.background = element_rect(fill = 'white', colour = 'black'),
legend.position = "bottom") +
labs(fill = "", col = "", x = "decision counts", y = "number of runs") +
scale_fill_manual(values = myScale) +
scale_color_manual(values = myScale)
ggplot(output1 %>%
mutate(g = recode(`aggression-by-home-state`,
`0` = "activated belief",
`1` = "removed belief")),
aes(x = na, fill = g, col = g)) +
geom_bar(position = position_dodge2(preserve = "single")) +
theme(panel.background = element_rect(fill = 'white', colour = 'black'),
legend.position = "bottom") +
labs(fill = "", col = "", x = "decision counts", y = "number of runs") +
scale_fill_manual(values = myScale) +
scale_color_manual(values = myScale)
ggplot(output1 %>%
mutate(g = recode(`domination-by-home-state`,
`0` = "activated belief",
`1` = "removed belief")),
aes(x = na, fill = g, col = g)) +
geom_bar(position = position_dodge2(preserve = "single")) +
theme(panel.background = element_rect(fill = 'white', colour = 'black'),
legend.position = "bottom") +
labs(fill = "", col = "", x = "decision counts", y = "number of runs") +
scale_fill_manual(values = myScale) +
scale_color_manual(values = myScale)
ggplot(output2 %>%
mutate(g = recode(`crimeG`,
`0` = "activated belief",
`1` = "removed belief")),
aes(x = a, fill = g, col = g)) +
geom_bar(position = position_dodge2(preserve = "single")) +
theme(panel.background = element_rect(fill = 'white', colour = 'black'),
legend.position = "bottom") +
labs(fill = "", col = "", x = "decision counts", y = "number of runs") +
scale_fill_manual(values = myScale) +
scale_color_manual(values = myScale)
ggplot(output2 %>%
mutate(g = recode(`vioG`,
`0` = "activated belief",
`1` = "removed belief")),
aes(x = a, fill = g, col = g)) +
geom_bar(position = position_dodge2(preserve = "single")) +
theme(panel.background = element_rect(fill = 'white', colour = 'black'),
legend.position = "bottom") +
labs(fill = "", col = "", x = "decision counts", y = "number of runs") +
scale_fill_manual(values = myScale) +
scale_color_manual(values = myScale)
ggplot(output2 %>%
mutate(g = recode(`crimeG`,
`0` = "activated belief",
`1` = "removed belief")),
aes(x = na, fill = g, col = g)) +
geom_bar(position = position_dodge2(preserve = "single")) +
theme(panel.background = element_rect(fill = 'white', colour = 'black'),
legend.position = "bottom") +
labs(fill = "", col = "", x = "decision counts", y = "number of runs") +
scale_fill_manual(values = myScale) +
scale_color_manual(values = myScale)
ggplot(output2 %>%
mutate(g = recode(`vioG`,
`0` = "activated belief",
`1` = "removed belief")),
aes(x = na, fill = g, col = g)) +
geom_bar(position = position_dodge2(preserve = "single")) +
theme(panel.background = element_rect(fill = 'white', colour = 'black'),
legend.position = "bottom") +
labs(fill = "", col = "", x = "decision counts", y = "number of runs") +
scale_fill_manual(values = myScale) +
scale_color_manual(values = myScale)
# data1
output1 %>% group_by(`aggression-by-home-state`) %>% summarise(mu_a = mean(a)) %>% print()
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## `aggression-by-home-state` mu_a
## <int> <dbl>
## 1 0 9
## 2 1 3.75
output1 %>% group_by(`continuation-of-aggression-by-home-state`) %>% summarise(mu_a = mean(a))
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## `continuation-of-aggression-by-home-state` mu_a
## <int> <dbl>
## 1 0 8.38
## 2 1 4.38
output1 %>% group_by(`domination-by-home-state`) %>% summarise(mu_a = mean(a))
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## `domination-by-home-state` mu_a
## <int> <dbl>
## 1 0 7.56
## 2 1 5.19
output1 %>% group_by(`education-of-the-people`) %>% summarise(mu_a = mean(a))
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## `education-of-the-people` mu_a
## <int> <dbl>
## 1 0 6.38
## 2 1 6.38
output1 %>% group_by(`religious-state`) %>% summarise(mu_a = mean(a))
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## `religious-state` mu_a
## <int> <dbl>
## 1 0 6.38
## 2 1 6.38
output1 %>% group_by(`unreligious-state`) %>% summarise(mu_a = mean(a))
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## `unreligious-state` mu_a
## <int> <dbl>
## 1 0 6.5
## 2 1 6.25
output1 %>% group_by(`aggression-by-home-state`) %>% summarise(mu_na = mean(na))
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## `aggression-by-home-state` mu_na
## <int> <dbl>
## 1 0 10
## 2 1 6.62
output1 %>% group_by(`continuation-of-aggression-by-home-state`) %>% summarise(mu_na = mean(na))
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## `continuation-of-aggression-by-home-state` mu_na
## <int> <dbl>
## 1 0 8.56
## 2 1 8.06
output1 %>% group_by(`domination-by-home-state`) %>% summarise(mu_na = mean(na))
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## `domination-by-home-state` mu_na
## <int> <dbl>
## 1 0 10.4
## 2 1 6.25
output1 %>% group_by(`education-of-the-people`) %>% summarise(mu_na = mean(na))
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## `education-of-the-people` mu_na
## <int> <dbl>
## 1 0 8.88
## 2 1 7.75
output1 %>% group_by(`religious-state`) %>% summarise(mu_na = mean(na))
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## `religious-state` mu_na
## <int> <dbl>
## 1 0 8.56
## 2 1 8.06
output1 %>% group_by(`unreligious-state`) %>% summarise(mu_na = mean(na))
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## `unreligious-state` mu_na
## <int> <dbl>
## 1 0 8.5
## 2 1 8.12
#data 2
output2 %>% group_by(`crimeG`) %>% summarise(mu_p = mean(a))
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## crimeG mu_p
## <int> <dbl>
## 1 0 26.8
## 2 1 9.69
output2 %>% group_by(`vioG`) %>% summarise(mu_p = mean(a))
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## vioG mu_p
## <int> <dbl>
## 1 0 19.9
## 2 1 16.6
output2 %>% group_by(`protest`) %>% summarise(mu_p = mean(a))
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## protest mu_p
## <int> <dbl>
## 1 0 21.6
## 2 1 14.9
output2 %>% group_by(`interactPRO`) %>% summarise(mu_p = mean(a))
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## interactPRO mu_p
## <int> <dbl>
## 1 0 19.5
## 2 1 17.0
output2 %>% group_by(`2011`) %>% summarise(mu_p = mean(a))
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## `2011` mu_p
## <int> <dbl>
## 1 0 20.5
## 2 1 16
output2 %>% group_by(`intE`) %>% summarise(mu_p = mean(a))
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## intE mu_p
## <int> <dbl>
## 1 0 18.6
## 2 1 17.9
output2 %>% group_by(`poorLC`) %>% summarise(mu_p = mean(a))
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## poorLC mu_p
## <int> <dbl>
## 1 0 20.0
## 2 1 16.5
output2 %>% group_by(`safety`) %>% summarise(mu_p = mean(a))
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## safety mu_p
## <int> <dbl>
## 1 0 18.3
## 2 1 18.3
output2 %>% group_by(`crimeG`) %>% summarise(mu_na = mean(na))
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## crimeG mu_na
## <int> <dbl>
## 1 0 34.6
## 2 1 29.0
output2 %>% group_by(`vioG`) %>% summarise(mu_na = mean(na))
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## vioG mu_na
## <int> <dbl>
## 1 0 32.6
## 2 1 31.0
output2 %>% group_by(`protest`) %>% summarise(mu_na = mean(na))
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## protest mu_na
## <int> <dbl>
## 1 0 33.4
## 2 1 30.2
output2 %>% group_by(`interactPRO`) %>% summarise(mu_na = mean(na))
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## interactPRO mu_na
## <int> <dbl>
## 1 0 32.1
## 2 1 31.5
output2 %>% group_by(`2011`) %>% summarise(mu_na = mean(na))
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## `2011` mu_na
## <int> <dbl>
## 1 0 33.2
## 2 1 30.4
output2 %>% group_by(`intE`) %>% summarise(mu_na = mean(na))
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## intE mu_na
## <int> <dbl>
## 1 0 32.8
## 2 1 30.8
output2 %>% group_by(`poorLC`) %>% summarise(mu_na = mean(na))
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## poorLC mu_na
## <int> <dbl>
## 1 0 35.6
## 2 1 27.9
output2 %>% group_by(`safety`) %>% summarise(mu_na = mean(na))
## # A tibble: 2 × 2
## safety mu_na
## <int> <dbl>
## 1 0 34.6
## 2 1 29.0
#violent dissidents data 1
t.test(a ~ `continuation-of-aggression-by-home-state`, data = output1)
##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: a by continuation-of-aggression-by-home-state
## t = 238.68, df = 122683, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means between group 0 and group 1 is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 3.967153 4.032847
## sample estimates:
## mean in group 0 mean in group 1
## 8.375 4.375
t.test(a ~ `aggression-by-home-state`, data = output1)
##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: a by aggression-by-home-state
## t = 378.25, df = 117018, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means between group 0 and group 1 is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 5.222796 5.277204
## sample estimates:
## mean in group 0 mean in group 1
## 9.00 3.75
t.test(a ~ `domination-by-home-state`, data = output1)
##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: a by domination-by-home-state
## t = 125.19, df = 130721, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means between group 0 and group 1 is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 2.337817 2.412183
## sample estimates:
## mean in group 0 mean in group 1
## 7.5625 5.1875
t.test(a ~ `education-of-the-people`, data = output1)
##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: a by education-of-the-people
## t = 0, df = 131070, p-value = 1
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means between group 0 and group 1 is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## -0.03934312 0.03934312
## sample estimates:
## mean in group 0 mean in group 1
## 6.375 6.375
t.test(a ~ `religious-state`, data = output1)
##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: a by religious-state
## t = 0, df = 131070, p-value = 1
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means between group 0 and group 1 is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## -0.03934312 0.03934312
## sample estimates:
## mean in group 0 mean in group 1
## 6.375 6.375
t.test(a ~ `unreligious-state`, data = output1)
##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: a by unreligious-state
## t = 12.462, df = 130273, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means between group 0 and group 1 is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 0.2106802 0.2893198
## sample estimates:
## mean in group 0 mean in group 1
## 6.50 6.25
#nonviolent dissidents data 1
t.test(na ~ `continuation-of-aggression-by-home-state`, data = output1)
##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: na by continuation-of-aggression-by-home-state
## t = 29.715, df = 130950, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means between group 0 and group 1 is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 0.4670206 0.5329794
## sample estimates:
## mean in group 0 mean in group 1
## 8.5625 8.0625
t.test(na ~ `aggression-by-home-state`, data = output1)
##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: na by aggression-by-home-state
## t = 239.77, df = 116046, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means between group 0 and group 1 is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 3.347412 3.402588
## sample estimates:
## mean in group 0 mean in group 1
## 10.000 6.625
t.test(na ~ `domination-by-home-state`, data = output1)
##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: na by domination-by-home-state
## t = 331.1, df = 115272, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means between group 0 and group 1 is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 4.100582 4.149418
## sample estimates:
## mean in group 0 mean in group 1
## 10.375 6.250
t.test(na ~ `education-of-the-people`, data = output1)
##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: na by education-of-the-people
## t = 67.794, df = 130490, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means between group 0 and group 1 is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 1.092475 1.157525
## sample estimates:
## mean in group 0 mean in group 1
## 8.875 7.750
t.test(na ~ `religious-state`, data = output1)
##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: na by religious-state
## t = 29.715, df = 129995, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means between group 0 and group 1 is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 0.4670206 0.5329794
## sample estimates:
## mean in group 0 mean in group 1
## 8.5625 8.0625
t.test(na ~ `unreligious-state`, data = output1)
##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: na by unreligious-state
## t = 22.254, df = 131029, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means between group 0 and group 1 is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 0.3419721 0.4080279
## sample estimates:
## mean in group 0 mean in group 1
## 8.500 8.125
#nonviolent dissidents data 2
t.test(a ~ `crimeG`, data = output2)
##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: a by crimeG
## t = 544.51, df = 99345, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means between group 0 and group 1 is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 17.07893 17.20232
## sample estimates:
## mean in group 0 mean in group 1
## 26.82812 9.68750
t.test(a ~ `vioG`, data = output2)
##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: a by vioG
## t = 60.176, df = 129599, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means between group 0 and group 1 is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 3.265074 3.484926
## sample estimates:
## mean in group 0 mean in group 1
## 19.94531 16.57031
t.test(a ~ `protest`, data = output2)
##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: a by protest
## t = 124.37, df = 118615, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means between group 0 and group 1 is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 6.582111 6.792889
## sample estimates:
## mean in group 0 mean in group 1
## 21.60156 14.91406
t.test(a ~ `interactPRO`, data = output2)
##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: a by interactPRO
## t = 45.424, df = 129863, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means between group 0 and group 1 is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 2.451933 2.673067
## sample estimates:
## mean in group 0 mean in group 1
## 19.53906 16.97656
t.test(a ~ `2011`, data = output2)
##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: a by 2011
## t = 81.407, df = 123796, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means between group 0 and group 1 is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 4.406905 4.624345
## sample estimates:
## mean in group 0 mean in group 1
## 20.51562 16.00000
t.test(a ~ `intE`, data = output2)
##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: a by intE
## t = 13.2, df = 131051, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means between group 0 and group 1 is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 0.6386396 0.8613604
## sample estimates:
## mean in group 0 mean in group 1
## 18.63281 17.88281
t.test(a ~ `poorLC`, data = output2)
##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: a by poorLC
## t = 61.322, df = 130695, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means between group 0 and group 1 is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 3.327631 3.547369
## sample estimates:
## mean in group 0 mean in group 1
## 19.97656 16.53906
t.test(a ~ `safety`, data = output2)
##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: a by safety
## t = 0, df = 131070, p-value = 1
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means between group 0 and group 1 is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## -0.1114344 0.1114344
## sample estimates:
## mean in group 0 mean in group 1
## 18.25781 18.25781
#nondissidents, data 2
t.test(na ~ `crimeG`, data = output2)
##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: na by crimeG
## t = 137.13, df = 129397, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means between group 0 and group 1 is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 5.482995 5.642005
## sample estimates:
## mean in group 0 mean in group 1
## 34.57031 29.00781
t.test(na ~ `vioG`, data = output2)
##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: na by vioG
## t = 36.933, df = 130826, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means between group 0 and group 1 is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 1.509172 1.678328
## sample estimates:
## mean in group 0 mean in group 1
## 32.58594 30.99219
t.test(na ~ `protest`, data = output2)
##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: na by protest
## t = 75.815, df = 126798, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means between group 0 and group 1 is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 3.135538 3.301962
## sample estimates:
## mean in group 0 mean in group 1
## 33.39844 30.17969
t.test(na ~ `interactPRO`, data = output2)
##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: na by interactPRO
## t = 14.42, df = 130956, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means between group 0 and group 1 is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 0.5400502 0.7099498
## sample estimates:
## mean in group 0 mean in group 1
## 32.10156 31.47656
t.test(na ~ `2011`, data = output2)
##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: na by 2011
## t = 66.283, df = 130557, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means between group 0 and group 1 is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 2.744498 2.911752
## sample estimates:
## mean in group 0 mean in group 1
## 33.20312 30.37500
t.test(na ~ `intE`, data = output2)
##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: na by intE
## t = 46.856, df = 131049, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means between group 0 and group 1 is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 1.931311 2.099939
## sample estimates:
## mean in group 0 mean in group 1
## 32.79688 30.78125
t.test(na ~ `poorLC`, data = output2)
##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: na by poorLC
## t = 204.33, df = 118210, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means between group 0 and group 1 is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 7.644711 7.792789
## sample estimates:
## mean in group 0 mean in group 1
## 35.64844 27.92969
t.test(na ~ `safety`, data = output2)
##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: na by safety
## t = 140.22, df = 124555, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means between group 0 and group 1 is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 5.592597 5.751153
## sample estimates:
## mean in group 0 mean in group 1
## 34.62500 28.95312
beliefs1$group <- "Violent"
beliefs1$group[grep("^NV", beliefs1$respondent)] <- "Non-violent"
beliefs1 %>%
group_by(beliefsRC, group) %>%
summarise(nobs = length(beliefsRC)) %>%
filter(beliefsRC != "nv" & beliefsRC != "v") %>%
filter(group == "Violent") %>%
filter(nobs > 3) %>%
ggplot(aes(x = reorder(beliefsRC, nobs), y = nobs)) +
geom_bar(stat = "identity", position = "dodge") +
coord_flip() +
labs(x = "", y = "",
title = "Unique beliefs, violent dissidents (>3, dataset 1)") +
theme_minimal()
## `summarise()` has grouped output by 'beliefsRC'. You can override using the
## `.groups` argument.
beliefs1 %>%
group_by(beliefsRC, group) %>%
summarise(nobs = length(beliefsRC)) %>%
filter(beliefsRC != "nv" & beliefsRC != "v") %>%
filter(group == "Non-violent") %>%
filter(nobs > 3) %>%
ggplot(aes(x = reorder(beliefsRC, nobs), y = nobs)) +
geom_bar(stat = "identity", position = "dodge") +
coord_flip() +
labs(x = "", y = "",
title = "Unique beliefs, nonviolent dissidents (>3, dataset 1)") +
theme_minimal()
## `summarise()` has grouped output by 'beliefsRC'. You can override using the
## `.groups` argument.
beliefs1 %>% filter(!beliefsRC %in% c("nv", "v")) %>% group_by(group, beliefsRC) %>% summarise(cnt = length(beliefsRC)) %>% arrange(group, desc(cnt)) %>% pander()
## `summarise()` has grouped output by 'group'. You can override using the
## `.groups` argument.
group | beliefsRC | cnt |
---|---|---|
Non-violent | peaceful activity against home state | 13 |
Non-violent | aggression by home state | 12 |
Non-violent | domination by home state | 11 |
Non-violent | impossibility of reaching goals by violence | 10 |
Non-violent | negative consequences of violence | 10 |
Non-violent | transformatory goal | 10 |
Non-violent | existence of violence against home state | 9 |
Non-violent | possibility of reaching goals by peaceful means | 9 |
Non-violent | private peaceful activity | 9 |
Non-violent | duty for action against home state | 8 |
Non-violent | absence of acceptance of consequences of violence | 7 |
Non-violent | absence of success of violence | 7 |
Non-violent | imperialism | 7 |
Non-violent | public support for nonviolent dissent | 7 |
Non-violent | support for violence in direct environment | 7 |
Non-violent | continuation of aggression by home state | 6 |
Non-violent | political goal | 6 |
Non-violent | possibility for violence | 6 |
Non-violent | private goal | 6 |
Non-violent | absence of success of peaceful activity against home state | 5 |
Non-violent | continuation of peaceful activity against home state | 5 |
Non-violent | ignorance of fellow citizens | 5 |
Non-violent | strength of home state | 5 |
Non-violent | absence of approval for violence by the people | 4 |
Non-violent | domination by previous state | 4 |
Non-violent | education during childhood | 4 |
Non-violent | existence of peaceful activity against home state | 4 |
Non-violent | interest in politics | 4 |
Non-violent | obedience to god | 4 |
Non-violent | strained living conditions | 4 |
Non-violent | absence of domination by home state | 3 |
Non-violent | absence of state structures | 3 |
Non-violent | acceptance of state structures | 3 |
Non-violent | aggression by foreign state | 3 |
Non-violent | education of the people | 3 |
Non-violent | experience of violence | 3 |
Non-violent | indispensability of state structures | 3 |
Non-violent | negative consequences of absence of state structures | 3 |
Non-violent | negative consequences of victory of the resistance in foreign state | 3 |
Non-violent | strength of international resistance against state system | 3 |
Non-violent | strength of resistance against home state | 3 |
Non-violent | success of peaceful activity | 3 |
Non-violent | superiority of state structures | 3 |
Non-violent | absence of aggression by home state | 2 |
Non-violent | absence of necessity for violence | 2 |
Non-violent | absence of peaceful means | 2 |
Non-violent | disunity of muslims | 2 |
Non-violent | existence of absolute priority of transformatory goal | 2 |
Non-violent | impossibility of accepting home state | 2 |
Non-violent | negative consequences of absence of action against home state | 2 |
Non-violent | negative experience in state system | 2 |
Non-violent | peaceful activity against foreign state | 2 |
Non-violent | peaceful activity supporting home state | 2 |
Non-violent | possibility for nonviolence | 2 |
Non-violent | priority of goal opposing violence | 2 |
Non-violent | weakness of resistance against home state | 2 |
Non-violent | absence of absolute priority of political goal | 1 |
Non-violent | absence of acceptance of home state | 1 |
Non-violent | absence of action against home state | 1 |
Non-violent | absence of domination by foreign state | 1 |
Non-violent | absence of interest in politics | 1 |
Non-violent | absence of success of peaceful activity | 1 |
Non-violent | absence of support for violence in direct environment | 1 |
Non-violent | absolute priority of private goal | 1 |
Non-violent | acceptance of state aggression | 1 |
Non-violent | acceptance of state representatives | 1 |
Non-violent | aggression by previous state | 1 |
Non-violent | change of home state | 1 |
Non-violent | enjoyment of violence | 1 |
Non-violent | existence of international resistance against state system | 1 |
Non-violent | existence of violence against foreign state | 1 |
Non-violent | illegal activity | 1 |
Non-violent | importance of the people | 1 |
Non-violent | joining the army | 1 |
Non-violent | personal problems | 1 |
Non-violent | refusal to join army | 1 |
Non-violent | religious state | 1 |
Non-violent | self efficacy | 1 |
Non-violent | strength of foreign state | 1 |
Non-violent | success of peaceful activity against home state | 1 |
Non-violent | support by home state | 1 |
Non-violent | support from foreign state for peaceful activity against home state | 1 |
Non-violent | unreligious state | 1 |
Non-violent | weakness of foreign state | 1 |
Non-violent | weakness of home state | 1 |
Non-violent | weakness of human beings | 1 |
Non-violent | weakness of international resistance against state system | 1 |
Violent | aggression by home state | 13 |
Violent | transformatory goal | 12 |
Violent | absence of peaceful means | 11 |
Violent | domination by home state | 11 |
Violent | peaceful activity against home state | 11 |
Violent | support for violence in direct environment | 11 |
Violent | continuation of aggression by home state | 8 |
Violent | possibility of reaching goals by violence | 8 |
Violent | acceptance of consequences of violence | 7 |
Violent | insufficiency of activity inside state structures | 7 |
Violent | negative consequences of violence | 7 |
Violent | self efficacy | 7 |
Violent | duty for action against home state | 6 |
Violent | necessity for violence | 6 |
Violent | political goal | 6 |
Violent | strength of resistance against home state | 6 |
Violent | absence of strength of home state | 5 |
Violent | existence of peaceful activity against home state | 5 |
Violent | imperialism | 5 |
Violent | private peaceful activity | 5 |
Violent | absolute priority of transformatory goal | 4 |
Violent | continuation of peaceful activity against home state | 4 |
Violent | education during childhood | 4 |
Violent | existence of violence against home state | 4 |
Violent | private goal | 4 |
Violent | strained living conditions | 4 |
Violent | absence of success of peaceful activity | 3 |
Violent | absence of success of peaceful activity against home state | 3 |
Violent | domination by previous state | 3 |
Violent | existence of international resistance against state system | 3 |
Violent | impossibility of accepting home state | 3 |
Violent | obedience to god | 3 |
Violent | strength of home state | 3 |
Violent | success of peaceful activity | 3 |
Violent | unreligious state | 3 |
Violent | weakness of home state | 3 |
Violent | absence of approval for violence by the people | 2 |
Violent | absence of domination by home state | 2 |
Violent | aggression by foreign state | 2 |
Violent | experience of violence | 2 |
Violent | ignorance of fellow citizens | 2 |
Violent | interest in politics | 2 |
Violent | negative experience in state system | 2 |
Violent | possibility for violence | 2 |
Violent | strength of international resistance against state system | 2 |
Violent | support from the people for violence | 2 |
Violent | absence of acceptance of aggression by home state | 1 |
Violent | absence of acceptance of home state | 1 |
Violent | absence of education during childhood | 1 |
Violent | absence of success of violence | 1 |
Violent | acceptance of state representatives | 1 |
Violent | acceptance of state structures | 1 |
Violent | alternative | 1 |
Violent | avoidance of negative consequences of violence | 1 |
Violent | change of home state | 1 |
Violent | dislike of violence | 1 |
Violent | distance from social structures | 1 |
Violent | efficient structure of violent group | 1 |
Violent | goal opposing violence | 1 |
Violent | gods might | 1 |
Violent | illegal activity | 1 |
Violent | impossibility of reaching goals by violence | 1 |
Violent | priority of goal opposing violence | 1 |
Violent | victory of resistance against state system | 1 |
Violent | weakness of will | 1 |
beliefs2$group <- "Protester"
beliefs2$group[grep("^NP", beliefs2$respondent)] <- "Non-protester"
beliefs2 %>%
group_by(beliefsRC, group) %>%
summarise(nobs = length(beliefsRC)) %>%
filter(beliefsRC != "nv" & beliefsRC != "v") %>%
filter(group == "Protester") %>%
filter(nobs > 5) %>%
ggplot(aes(x = reorder(beliefsRC, nobs), y = nobs)) +
geom_bar(stat = "identity", position = "dodge") +
coord_flip() +
labs(x = "", y = "",
title = "Unique beliefs, nonviolent dissidents (>5, dataset 2)") +
theme_minimal()
## `summarise()` has grouped output by 'beliefsRC'. You can override using the
## `.groups` argument.
beliefs2 %>%
group_by(beliefsRC, group) %>%
summarise(nobs = length(beliefsRC)) %>%
filter(beliefsRC != "nv" & beliefsRC != "v") %>%
filter(group == "Non-protester") %>%
filter(nobs > 5) %>%
ggplot(aes(x = reorder(beliefsRC, nobs), y = nobs)) +
geom_bar(stat = "identity", position = "dodge") +
coord_flip() +
labs(x = "", y = "",
title = "Unique beliefs, non-dissidents (>5, dataset 2)") +
theme_minimal()
## `summarise()` has grouped output by 'beliefsRC'. You can override using the
## `.groups` argument.
beliefs2 %>% filter(!beliefsRC %in% c("nv", "v")) %>% group_by(group, beliefsRC) %>% summarise(cnt = length(beliefsRC)) %>% arrange(group, desc(cnt)) %>% pander()
## `summarise()` has grouped output by 'group'. You can override using the
## `.groups` argument.
group | beliefsRC | cnt |
---|---|---|
Non-protester | NA | 67 |
Non-protester | poverty | 35 |
Non-protester | safety | 28 |
Non-protester | satisfaction | 26 |
Non-protester | state approval | 22 |
Non-protester | protest | 21 |
Non-protester | employment | 20 |
Non-protester | state effort | 19 |
Non-protester | family | 17 |
Non-protester | change of government | 14 |
Non-protester | improved living conditions | 12 |
Non-protester | positive character head of state | 12 |
Non-protester | state crime | 12 |
Non-protester | revolution abroad | 11 |
Non-protester | protest approval | 10 |
Non-protester | protest disapproval | 10 |
Non-protester | history | 9 |
Non-protester | hopelessness | 9 |
Non-protester | international influence | 9 |
Non-protester | violence abroad | 9 |
Non-protester | previous state crime | 8 |
Non-protester | lack of prior protest result | 7 |
Non-protester | negative personality of the people | 7 |
Non-protester | no need for dissent | 7 |
Non-protester | personal priority | 7 |
Non-protester | previous state violence | 7 |
Non-protester | protection by army | 7 |
Non-protester | state strength | 7 |
Non-protester | good living conditions | 6 |
Non-protester | need for political change | 6 |
Non-protester | state violence | 6 |
Non-protester | media | 5 |
Non-protester | prior protest | 5 |
Non-protester | religion | 5 |
Non-protester | approvPHS | 4 |
Non-protester | fear | 4 |
Non-protester | interaction protestors | 4 |
Non-protester | jobavail | 4 |
Non-protester | lack of unity among the people | 4 |
Non-protester | NOapprovPHS | 4 |
Non-protester | NOinterestPOL | 4 |
Non-protester | NOskillsPRO | 4 |
Non-protester | prioSAF | 4 |
Non-protester | state disapproval | 4 |
Non-protester | deterioPOL | 3 |
Non-protester | dirE | 3 |
Non-protester | effS | 3 |
Non-protester | goodpersPP | 3 |
Non-protester | improvPOL | 3 |
Non-protester | NOsafety | 3 |
Non-protester | NOsatisf | 3 |
Non-protester | protest support | 3 |
Non-protester | strengthE | 3 |
Non-protester | strengthG | 3 |
Non-protester | conspir | 2 |
Non-protester | humanN | 2 |
Non-protester | ignorance | 2 |
Non-protester | needstrength | 2 |
Non-protester | NOalt | 2 |
Non-protester | NOfreePRESS | 2 |
Non-protester | persS | 2 |
Non-protester | pride | 2 |
Non-protester | resistA | 2 |
Non-protester | supA | 2 |
Non-protester | uncertainty | 2 |
Non-protester | crimeA | 1 |
Non-protester | crimePP | 1 |
Non-protester | diversity | 1 |
Non-protester | effPP | 1 |
Non-protester | election | 1 |
Non-protester | experFRI | 1 |
Non-protester | freePRESS | 1 |
Non-protester | goodpersS | 1 |
Non-protester | hope | 1 |
Non-protester | isoPHS | 1 |
Non-protester | needchangePP | 1 |
Non-protester | NOapprovPPHS | 1 |
Non-protester | NOeffPP | 1 |
Non-protester | NOimpIND | 1 |
Non-protester | NOimprov | 1 |
Non-protester | NOjob | 1 |
Non-protester | NOpersPHS | 1 |
Non-protester | NOresponscrimHS | 1 |
Non-protester | NOskillPHS | 1 |
Non-protester | NOskillsPG | 1 |
Non-protester | NOskillsPP | 1 |
Non-protester | NOsuccessPRIV | 1 |
Non-protester | NOsystem | 1 |
Non-protester | NP-E-2013 | 1 |
Non-protester | obediencePP | 1 |
Non-protester | skillsHS | 1 |
Non-protester | strengthA | 1 |
Non-protester | strengthPHS | 1 |
Non-protester | surprise | 1 |
Non-protester | unityPP | 1 |
Non-protester | vioPRO | 1 |
Protester | NA | 46 |
Protester | state crime | 38 |
Protester | protest | 24 |
Protester | hope | 22 |
Protester | revolution abroad | 17 |
Protester | need for political change | 14 |
Protester | poverty | 14 |
Protester | state violence | 11 |
Protester | courage | 10 |
Protester | family | 10 |
Protester | prior protest | 10 |
Protester | fear | 9 |
Protester | protest support | 9 |
Protester | solidarity | 9 |
Protester | history | 8 |
Protester | interaction protestors | 8 |
Protester | state disapproval | 8 |
Protester | pride | 7 |
Protester | media | 6 |
Protester | lack of unity among the people | 5 |
Protester | selfsacrifice | 5 |
Protester | state effort | 5 |
Protester | unityPP | 5 |
Protester | change of government | 4 |
Protester | good living conditions | 4 |
Protester | hopelessness | 4 |
Protester | improvPOL | 4 |
Protester | international influence | 4 |
Protester | lack of prior protest result | 4 |
Protester | P-M-2014 | 4 |
Protester | protest approval | 4 |
Protester | state strength | 4 |
Protester | strengthPRO | 4 |
Protester | ageHS | 3 |
Protester | badpersHS | 3 |
Protester | ignorance | 3 |
Protester | modesty | 3 |
Protester | moraloutrage | 3 |
Protester | needunityPP | 3 |
Protester | NOalt | 3 |
Protester | NOapprovSON | 3 |
Protester | passpowerSON | 3 |
Protester | previous state crime | 3 |
Protester | religion | 3 |
Protester | dirE | 2 |
Protester | election | 2 |
Protester | friends | 2 |
Protester | needstrength | 2 |
Protester | NOkingdomE | 2 |
Protester | NOsafety | 2 |
Protester | NOskillsPRO | 2 |
Protester | NOstrengthPRO | 2 |
Protester | strengthG | 2 |
Protester | strengthPP | 2 |
Protester | successPRO | 2 |
Protester | violence abroad | 2 |
Protester | badperSON | 1 |
Protester | badpersPHS | 1 |
Protester | conspir | 1 |
Protester | curiosity | 1 |
Protester | freedom | 1 |
Protester | godsmight | 1 |
Protester | goodpersPP | 1 |
Protester | humanN | 1 |
Protester | improved living conditions | 1 |
Protester | interestPOL | 1 |
Protester | needcourage | 1 |
Protester | needsolidarity | 1 |
Protester | NOapprovPHS | 1 |
Protester | NOeffHS | 1 |
Protester | NOfreePRESS | 1 |
Protester | NOpriorprotest | 1 |
Protester | NOprioS | 1 |
Protester | NOreligion | 1 |
Protester | NOsupportPRO | 1 |
Protester | P-E-2010 | 1 |
Protester | P-E-2014 | 1 |
Protester | P-M-2012 | 1 |
Protester | persS | 1 |
Protester | possibilityPRO | 1 |
Protester | previous state violence | 1 |
Protester | protectPRO | 1 |
Protester | religextreme | 1 |
Protester | resistA | 1 |
Protester | satisfaction | 1 |
Protester | skillsPRO | 1 |
Protester | state approval | 1 |
Protester | strengthE | 1 |
Protester | supportS | 1 |
Protester | surprise | 1 |
Protester | uncertainty | 1 |
Protester | vioSON | 1 |